World Malaria Day 2022: World Malaria Day is observed annually on 15 April to highlight the need for prevention and control of the deadly disease. Malaria is caused by a parasite that is transmitted to humans through a certain type of mosquito. When an infected female Anopheles mosquito bites a person, it injects the Plasmodium parasite into the bloodstream to become infected.
Although the disease is treatable and preventable, according to a report by the World Health Organization, there were approximately 241 million cases of malaria in 2020 worldwide. Moreover, the deadly disease claimed the lives of 6.27 lakh people across the world in 2020.
However, there are some countries that have been successful in successfully eliminating malaria. WHO has granted malaria-free certification to 40 countries and territories globally. Of these, China is the latest country that was declared malaria-free by the WHO. Other recent countries to join the malaria-free club are El Salvador (2021), Argentina (2019), Paraguay (2018), and Uzbekistan (2018).
So far no state in India has been able to eliminate malaria completely. In 2019, India accounted for 88 percent of malaria cases and 86 percent of malaria deaths in the WHO South-East Asia region. It is also the only country outside Africa to be among the 11 ‘high burden to high impact’ countries.
India is now on track to reach zero cases of malaria by 2030. It is a signatory to the National Framework for Elimination of Malaria (NFME) and is striving to achieve the target. By taking adequate measures, India was able to reduce the number of malaria cases by 60 percent compared to 2017 and recorded a decrease of 46 percent compared to 2018.
Odisha is one of the states that is moving closer to achieving the malaria-free target. The state government had announced last year that it had recorded a 90 percent reduction in malaria cases in the last three years.
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