To dispel widespread misinformation about sex, News18.com is running this weekly sex column titled ‘Let’s Talk Sex’ every Friday. We hope to start the conversation about sex and address sexual health issues with scientific insight and nuance through this column.
The column is being written by Sexologist Prof (Dr) Summary Jain. In today’s column, Dr. Jain addresses all the queries related to infertility.
Infertility is a condition during which a couple has trouble getting pregnant or staying pregnant. People of all genders can experience fertility problems, and there are many reasons for this.
A man is usually diagnosed with infertility if a pregnancy does not occur after trying for a year or more or if he has had multiple miscarriages. However, there are treatments for different types of infertility, and many people go on to have a healthy pregnancy and a baby after such treatments.
Fertility isn’t just a “woman’s problem” or an age issue. Many things can cause infertility, and it can affect people of all genders and ages. When a couple has a difficult time getting pregnant, either person (or both) is equally likely to cause problems. This is why both people are usually tested for infertility if a couple is having trouble getting pregnant.
What is the cause of infertility?
There are many possible causes of infertility. However, some common causes of infertility in women include painful or heavy periods, irregular periods, pain during sex, hormonal fluctuations, failure to ovulate (an egg is not released from the ovary), blocked fallopian tubes so sperm cannot reach the egg. find. Poor egg quality, the size of your uterus making it difficult for a fertilized egg to implant, endometriosis and uterine fibroids.
For men, the most common causes of infertility include changes in sexual desire, pain or swelling in the testicles, problems maintaining an erection, small and firm testicles, low sperm count (not enough sperm in the semen), poor sperm motility (when does not contain spermatozoa). ‘Not swimming enough to reach the egg’), sperm that are not formed correctly, the semen is so thick that sperm cannot move around in it quickly enough and there is no sperm in the semen.
Too much or too little of certain hormones that help your body make sperm can also cause sperm problems that lead to infertility. Apart from this, the problem of ejaculation can also cause infertility in men. If the tubes inside your penis or testicles are blocked, you may have difficulty ejaculating. Sometimes, ejaculation can send semen from your prostate into your bladder instead of out of your penis.
However, in some cases, there is no known cause of infertility; Known as unexplained infertility. Unexplained infertility can be frustrating, but there are usually treatment options you can try.
What can increase the risk of infertility?
There are certain health and lifestyle factors that can increase the chances of having fertility problems in both men and women. These include being older than 35 (for women), being overweight or underweight, chemotherapy or radiation, excessive drug or alcohol use, cigarette smoking, scrotal and testicle injuries, warm testicles, and having an undescended testicle Is.
What are the tests involved in a fertility evaluation?
History and physical examination: First and foremost, your fertility doctor will take a very thorough medical and fertility history. Secondly, a transvaginal ultrasound will be conducted to evaluate the structure of the uterus, tubes and ovaries.
The most common tests include measurement of blood levels of certain hormones, such as estradiol and FSH, which are related to ovarian function and overall egg count. Hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is a test that is needed to evaluate fallopian tubal capacity.
Many uterine and tubal abnormalities are detected by HSG and can be corrected surgically. Semen analysis is the primary test for evaluating men.
What are the treatments for infertility?
EducationWe strongly believe that educating our patients about the normal process of fertility, problems affecting fertility and treatment options will help our patients make the best choices.
drugs to induce egg developmentMedicines that help stimulate the ovaries to develop mature eggs for ovulation come in two forms: pills to be taken by mouth and injections.
sowingIntrauterine insemination, also known as IUI, is a procedure by which sperm are washed and prepared for implantation in the uterine cavity, bypassing the cervix and allowing high concentrations of motile sperm. The tubes and ovules are brought closer to the egg.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)Vitro: means “outside the body.” IVF is a process whereby eggs are collected and fertilized by sperm outside the body in an embryology laboratory. IVF with Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is an advanced laboratory procedure that involves injecting a healthy sperm. To form an embryo in an egg, which is then implanted in a woman’s uterus.
third party reproduction: This is a general reference to a normal procedure where another man provides sperm or eggs or where another woman acts as a gestational surrogate for the purpose of helping another person or couple to bear a child.
Surgery: After a thorough history, physical examination, and ultrasound have been done, your doctor may recommend surgery to correct the abnormality. The most common surgical procedures in reproductive medicine are laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, and abdominal myomectomy (removal of uterine fibroids).
sperm retrievalInvolves retrieval of semen from the testicles using a small needle for men who cannot ejaculate or produce semen.
Vasectomy Reversal: This once again enables a man to produce healthy sperm in his semen.
sperm donation: It is the use of the sperm of another man to fertilize the egg of one woman.
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